docker定制node.js镜像

May 12, 2016

install

安装docker

使用命令行

sudo apt-get update
sudo curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | sh

检查是否安装成功

使用命令行:

docker run hello-world

输出:

Hello from Docker.
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker Hub account:
https://hub.docker.com

For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/

安装成功

Dockerfile

选择 Ubuntu 官方的 14.04 版本为我们依赖的系统镜像

FROM ubuntu:trusty

设置镜像的作者

MAINTAINER linyiting <linyturing@gmail.com>

修改软件源

由于网络的原因，使用ubuntu默认的软件源的下载速度很慢。我们修改ubuntu的/etc/apt/sources.list文件，使用阿里云的镜像。新建文件 sources.list：

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

Dockfile中添加：

ADD sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list

安装Node.js环境

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl && \
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_4.x | sudo -E bash - && \
apt-get install -y nodejs

上面的命令将在你的镜像上安装node.js

准备项目文件

RUN mkdir -p /usr/code
COPY index.js /usr/code/
COPY package.json /usr/code/

RUN cd /usr/code && npm install

其中index.js的内容为：

var express = require('express');

// Constants
var PORT = 8080;

// App
var app = express();
app.get('/', function (req, res) {
res.send('Hello World\n');
});

app.listen(PORT)
console.log('Running on http://localhost:' + PORT);

package.json文件的内容为：

{
    "name": "docker-centos-hello",
    "private": true,
    "version": "0.0.1",
    "description": "Node.js Hello World app",
    "author": "linyiting",
    "dependencies": {
        "express": "^4.13.4"
    }
}

定义运行应用的命令

由于我们web应用使用了8080端口，我们需要把这个端口公开：

EXPOSE  8080

使用CMD定义启动应用的命令行

CMD ["node", "/usr/code/index.js"]

完整的Dockerfile:

# Ubuntu 14.04，Trusty Tahr
FROM ubuntu:trusty

# From linyiting
MAINTAINER linyiting <linyturing@gmail.com>

ADD sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list

# Install Node.js 安装Node.js 4.x运行环境
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl && \
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_4.x | sudo -E bash - && \
apt-get install -y nodejs

# 将项目文件复制到镜像中
RUN mkdir -p /usr/code
COPY index.js /usr/code/
COPY package.json /usr/code/

# npm install
RUN cd /usr/code && npm install

# 公开镜像的8080端口
EXPOSE 8080

# 定义应用的启动命令行
CMD ["node", "/usr/code/index.js"]

构建镜像

构建镜像的命令

sudo docker build -t <your username>/ubuntu-nodejs-hello .

# example
sudo docker build -t linyiting/ubuntu-nodejs-hello .

构建的过程中，如果你docker上已经安装了ubuntu:trusty的镜像，docker会在该镜像的基础上构建新镜像；否则，docker会安装ubuntu:trusty镜像，然后在构建ubuntu-nodejs-hello

运行镜像

用-d使镜像在运行在后台模式下，-p参数会将容器的私有端口转发到主机的上共有端口：

sudo docker run -p 49160:8080 -d linyiting/ubuntu-nodejs-hello

使用curl查看应用是否运行：

curl -i localhost:49160

输出：

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
X-Powered-By: Express
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 12
ETag: W/"c-5Z/5eUEET4XfUpfhwwLSYA"
Date: Mon, 09 May 2016 09:13:01 GMT
Connection: keep-alive

Hello World

可以看到，我们的应用已经成功运行。

Note